What is the working principle of self-locking tuning screw?

Self-locking tuning screws combine the principles of mechanical self-locking and precise tuning to meet the requirements of various equipment for stability and fine adjustment. Here is a detailed introduction to its working principle for you:

Mechanical self-locking principle

Thread structure design: the thread part of the self-locking tuning screw is specially designed, which is one of the key factors to realize mechanical self-locking. Compared with the standard thread of ordinary screw, the thread of self-locking tuning screw usually has larger pitch and steeper tooth angle. For example, the pitch of ordinary screws may be between 1 and 3 mm, and the tooth angle is generally 60; However, the pitch of the self-locking tuning screw may increase to 3-5mm, and the tooth profile angle may increase to 70-80. This special thread structure design makes the friction between threads increase significantly during turn of the screw process. When the screw is tightened, it is not easy to loosen because of the large friction between threads. In addition, the thread surface of the self-locking tuning screw is usually specially treated, such as increasing roughness and coating special coating, so as to further increase the friction between threads and improve the self-locking performance of the screw.

Function of elastic elements: In addition to the special thread structure design, many self-locking tuning screws will also have elastic elements inside or outside, such as spring washers and elastic nuts, which play an important role in the process of mechanical self-locking. Take the spring washer as an example. When the self-locking tuning screw is tightened, the spring washer will be compressed and elastically deformed. Because the spring washer has elastic restoring force, it will try to return to its original shape after being compressed, thus exerting an additional axial force on the screw. This extra axial force will increase the friction between the screw and the nut, thus effectively preventing the screw from loosening. Similarly, for an elastic nut, an elastic structure, such as an elastic sleeve and an elastic snap ring, is usually arranged inside it. When the elastic nut is tightened on the screw, the elastic structure will be compressed or deformed, thus generating an extra tightening force on the screw. This extra holding force will increase the friction between the screw and the elastic nut, effectively preventing the screw from loosening. By arranging the elastic element, the self-locking tuning screw can increase the friction between the screw and the nut by using the elastic restoring force or the clamping force of the elastic element in the process of mechanical self-locking, thereby improving the self-locking performance of the screw, ensuring that the screw can be reliably fixed at the required position under various working conditions and preventing loosening.

Precise tuning principle

Fine-tuning structure design: Self-locking tuning screw has a special fine-tuning structure, which is the basis for accurate tuning. Common fine-tuning structures include adjusting rods with fine thread, rotatable adjusting nuts and adjusting parts with scales or marks. Taking the adjusting rod with fine thread as an example, an adjusting rod with fine thread is arranged inside or outside the self-locking tuning screw. One end of the adjusting rod is connected with the parts to be adjusted (such as antenna, RF circuit, etc.), and the other end extends out of the screw, which is convenient for the operator to adjust. When the operator needs to fine-tune the parts, by rotating the adjusting rod, the adjusting rod will move along the thread direction because the fine thread on the adjusting rod cooperates with the thread inside or outside the screw. This movement will drive the parts connected with the adjusting rod to adjust their positions or parameters accordingly, so as to realize the precise fine adjustment of the parts. In addition, some self-locking tuning screws will also set scales or marks on the adjustment parts, and operators can accurately control the adjustment range according to the scales or marks, further improving the precision of fine adjustment. Through the design of these fine-tuning structures, the self-locking tuning screws can provide convenient and accurate fine-tuning means for operators, meet the requirements of various equipment for precise position or parameter adjustment of components, and ensure that the equipment can achieve the best performance state.

Feedback mechanism cooperation: In order to achieve more accurate tuning, many self-locking tuning screws will also be used in conjunction with the corresponding feedback mechanism. The feedback mechanism is usually to set sensors, detectors and other detection devices in the equipment to monitor the state, parameters or performance indicators of the components that need to be adjusted in real time, and feed these information back to the operator or the automatic control system. For example, in some RF devices, in order to accurately adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna, a frequency sensor is arranged near the antenna. The frequency sensor can monitor the resonant frequency of the antenna in real time and feed back the frequency information to the operator or the automatic control system. When the operator finely adjusts the parameters of the antenna by rotating the self-locking tuning screw, the frequency sensor will detect the change of the antenna resonance frequency in real time and feed back the changed frequency information to the operator or the automatic control system. According to the feedback frequency information, the operator can judge whether the resonant frequency of the antenna has reached the required accurate value, and decide whether it is necessary to continue to fine-tune the self-locking tuning screw. If it is an automatic control system, the system will automatically calculate the fine-tuning amount of the self-locking tuning screw according to the feedback frequency information, and automatically fine-tune the self-locking tuning screw through the control mechanism until the resonant frequency of the antenna reaches the required accurate value. By cooperating with the feedback mechanism, the self-locking tuning screw can realize more accurate tuning. According to the feedback information, the operator or the automatic control system can know the changes of the state, parameters or performance indexes of the components in real time, and adjust the fine-tuning operation of the self-locking tuning screw in time, so as to ensure that the components can be accurately adjusted to the required state, parameters or performance indexes, meet the requirements of the equipment for high-precision adjustment, and improve the performance and stability of the equipment.

To sum up, the self-locking tuning screw realizes the reliable fixing and precise adjustment of components in the process of equipment operation through the unique mechanical self-locking structure and precise tuning mechanism, which provides a strong guarantee for the stable operation and high performance of all kinds of equipment.