Between the service industry and manufacturing industry shows the symbiosis of fusion interdependent interaction, and constantly create new industries, new formats, so as to promote industrial structure from product economy to service economy in transition from manufacturing and modern production system in transition to service.
Integration of manufacturing and service industry development is mainly reflected in the six major trends. Correctly understand and grasp these trends, to promote the strategic adjustment of economic structure, promote the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry, accelerate the development of service industry is of great significance.
The trend of the 1 manufacturing services and service industry manufacturing industry characteristics become the opposite
The trend of manufacturing service is mainly reflected in: on the one hand, the input and output of manufacturing industry is in the trend of service. The research shows that the current service intermediate inputs accounted for manufacturing enterprises of intermediate cost reached about 70%, the effective demand for producer services from nearly 70% in second industries, including research and development, finance, leasing and business services, postal and other industries in the middle of the high demand. Since 2010, the proportion of producer services in developed countries accounted for 70% to 60% of all service industry, producer services accounted for about 43% of GDP.
On the other hand, the manufacturing enterprise operation shows the trend of service. In the added value of industrial products, manufacturing and processing sectors accounted for more and more low, and research and development, design, logistics and other services accounted for more and more high. Many multinational manufacturers of the main business, business value, management mode, profit sources are based on service, there are 20% multinational manufacturing business services revenue of more than 50% of the total income, become worthy of the name of service enterprise. The manufacturing tendency of service industry is mainly reflected in:
On the one hand, the service sector to the manufacturing sector to strengthen the penetration. From the growth of producer services reflects the financial, logistics, R & D and other services sector, the manufacturing sector as the main market for manufacturing services continue to increase.
On the other hand is the service enterprise industry chain gradually extended to the manufacturing industry. In a dominant position in the value chain of service enterprises, by virtue of its technology, management, sales channels and other advantages, through OEM production and chain operation into manufacturing enterprises together to provide consumers with services. Because of some service enterprises to master the core technology and core business in the value chain, such as R & D enterprises have patents, design their own institutions, with independent innovation design, the company has its own logistics network, these enterprises in order to seek the whole industry value chain value, using its own control in the industrial chain of high-end, set up its own manufacturing plant.
The development of manufacturing to service-oriented manufacturing and service industry, the industry value chain reconstruction of a contains the value chain of manufacturing industry value chain, and contains a fusion of industry value chain value-added service industry value chain, compared with the original pure service industry value chain and the value chain of manufacturing industry, with wider profit space and growth potential in the industrial level showed obvious structural upgrading effect.
Trend 2 outsourcing has become the main way
Service outsourcing has become the main engine of growth and globalization of services, not only to the manufacturing and services division deepening, greatly improve the professional level of service, but also make the manufacturing industry and service industry association, close coordination, to further improve, greatly promote the service industry scale, internationalization and market at the same time; greatly improve manufacturing productivity and industrial competitiveness, has become an important means to enhance the core competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises.
More and more manufacturing companies out of cost savings, focusing on the main business, enhance the core capabilities and other factors, the original self service outsourcing to professional service providers to complete. Service outsourcing has become the main way of the integration of service industry and manufacturing industry, and the two have obvious symbiotic relationship.
Because of the increase of manufacturing industry and service industry and the trend of integration, causes the enterprise to service the intermediate inputs increase, driven by the development of various types of global producer services, and these services are mainly achieved through onshore or offshore outsourcing.
With the layout of the global production network of transnational corporations, the division of labor within the enterprise and the characteristics of intra product specialization are more prominent. 2012 global service outsourcing market reached $975 billion, the growth rate of 30% to 40%. Expected in 2020 will reach $1 trillion and 650 billion to $1 trillion and 800 billion.
Trend 3 gather and become the form of industrial organization
Industrial agglomeration is not only the common feature of manufacturing industry and service industry development, but also the main industry organization form of the two industry integration and the realization form of regional integration. Various types of industrial parks, industrial agglomeration areas tend to be an important carrier of the integration of the two industry. For example, in a pharmaceutical industry cluster, agglomeration of pharmaceutical production enterprises, but also active service for all kinds of research and development, logistics, finance, product certification, intellectual property and other production services, entertainment and other living services constitute the service support system, provide all kinds of services for production the enterprise, to promote the healthy development of industrial clusters.
Industrial organization, supporting the agglomeration, not only enables manufacturers and service providers to share infrastructure, technology, personnel and other resources, while the two sides of the information searching cost, greatly reduce the transportation cost, production cost, service cost and transaction cost, improve the market opportunity, promote bilateral cooperation and exchanges, sharing scale economic benefits.
In particular, provide market opportunities for productive service enterprises, the service economy better reflected in the real economy, promote the whole industry chain added value and competitiveness, and promote the improvement of regional economic structure, promote the common development of regional manufacturing industry and service industry, promote the transformation and upgrading of the structure.
Trend 4 the whole industry chain development into profit growth model
With the development of the manufacturing and service integration continues to increase, new technologies, new formats, new management mode constantly, promote industrial division of labor, value added industry value chain has become more and more, a product from the development, production to marketing, distribution, maintenance, value chain process which starts to decompose, integration and reconstruction, the product in the manufacture time only a small part, most of the time in research and development, procurement, storage, operation, sales, customer service and other services, the industry chain more concentrated in productive service sectors, affecting the efficiency of these services, value-added space, the profit space of the whole industry chain is great. Thus become the main factor to decide the whole industry value added, the source of profits, but also the whole industry control decision factors.
Trend 5 information technology to become the carrier of Technology
Information technology is to promote the integration of manufacturing and service industries and the propellant binder. Since 1990s, with the development of information technology, intelligent manufacturing, manufacturing innovative design revolutionary, Crowdsourcing, electricity providers, online shopping, online banking and other new formats, new business models are emerging, promote industrial integration deepening, expanding the scope of manufacturing industry and service industry boundaries become increasingly blurred, showing features of "acommunity".
IBM company on the basis of the manufacturing industry to carry out IT business, put forward with the service product approach to innovation IT services, to provide hardware, network and software services to large multinational enterprises. General Electric based on B2C mode of operation to carry out online sales, online design, online consulting and other services, and promote the integration of product production and network marketing.
Trend 6 production city integration into the form of
Production integration of the city has gradually become the mainstream model of the development of modern industrial parks. Various types of parks in the planning, not only focus on planning and supporting industries, and more and more attention to the surrounding life supporting services for the employment of living environment for the living environment. For example, all kinds of restaurants, hotels, shopping malls, entertainment, residential and other living facilities, formed around the industrial development of the living area, which constitute the integration of regional development situation in the manufacturing industry and the surrounding living services.
